A translation can also be interpreted as the addition of a constant vector to every point, or as shifting the origin of the coordinate system.
A translation can be described as a rigid motion: other rigid motions include rotations and reflections. In Euclidean geometry, a translation (geometry) moves every point a constant distance in a specified direction. Complex models can be built by combining simpler objects, in the paradigms of object-oriented programming.Ī reflection against an axis followed by a reflection against a second axis parallel to the first one results in a total motion which is a translation. In object-oriented graphics, the image is described indirectly by an object endowed with a self- rendering method-a procedure that assigns colors to the image pixels by an arbitrary algorithm. These components can be modified and manipulated by two-dimensional geometric transformations such as translation, rotation, and scaling. The PostScript language and the X Window System protocol were landmark developments in the field.ĢD graphics models may combine geometric models (also called vector graphics), digital images (also called raster graphics), text to be typeset (defined by content, font style and size, color, position, and orientation), mathematical functions and equations, and more. These were largely supplanted by raster-based devices in the following decades. For these reasons, documents and illustrations are often stored or transmitted as 2D graphic files.ĢD computer graphics started in the 1950s, based on vector graphics devices. This representation is also more flexible since it can be rendered at different resolutions to suit different output devices. In many domains, such as desktop publishing, engineering, and business, a description of a document based on 2D computer graphics techniques can be much smaller than the corresponding digital image-often by a factor of 1/1000 or more. In those applications, the two-dimensional image is not just a representation of a real-world object, but an independent artifact with added semantic value two-dimensional models are therefore preferred, because they give more direct control of the image than 3D computer graphics (whose approach is more akin to photography than to typography). 2D computer graphics are mainly used in applications that were originally developed upon traditional printing and drawing technologies, such as typography, cartography, technical drawing, advertising, etc.
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